In 2014, more than two million comments urging a rejection of the pipeline were submitted to the U.S. Department of State during a 30-day public comment period. These sands contain bitumen, a gooey type of petroleum that can be converted into fuel. [169], In October 2009, a suit was filed by the Natural Resources Defense Council that challenged the pipeline on the grounds that its permit was based on a deficient environmental impact statement. If completed, the Keystone XL would have added 510,000 barrels (81,000m3) per day increasing the total capacity up to 1.1million barrels (170,000m3) per day. What some pipeline advocates think is the "Keystone Pipeline" is a 1,700-mile "shortcut" called Keystone XL, or KXL. The . The projects corporate backerthe Canadian energy infrastructure company TC Energyofficially abandoned the project in June 2021 following President Joe Bidens denial of a key permit on his first day in office. However, current US president Joe Biden has now opposed the project by canceling permits of this project. "[211] In response to the Department of State's report, which recommended neither acceptance nor rejection, an editor of The New York Times recommended that Obama should reject the project, which "even by the State Department's most cautious calculationscan only add to the [climate change] problem". [139], According to The New York Times, legal experts questioned whether the U.S. government was "flouting the intent" of the Federal National Environmental Policy Act, which "[was] meant to ensure an impartial environmental analysis of major projects". Also Read: What Are The 20+ Reindeer Facts For Kids? On March 17, 2008, during the final year of the Presidency of George W. Bush, the United States Department of State issued a Presidential Permit authorizing the construction, maintenance and operation of facilities at the United States and Canada border. [272] TransCanada said that work on that section of the pipeline could start in June 2012[273] and be on-line by the middle to late 2013. Thousands of landowners testified against the development of this pipeline project on their land. [106], The United States section is 2,219 kilometres (1,379mi) long. The operator of the Keystone Pipeline System, which carries a form of crude oil from Canada to multiple states for refining, said over the weekend . [190][191] On October 31, 2012, Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein was arrested in Texas for criminal trespass after trying to deliver food and supplies to the Keystone XL protesters. 2022 they are producing almost 12 million . [97][94] The order, however, did not affect any other present or future pipeline construction in the United States, and would be in force until the circuit court, and then the Supreme Court deliver their final rulings. "All U.S. The same poll found the pipeline favored by majorities of men (69%), women (61%), Democrats (51%), Republicans (82%), independents (64%), as well as by those in every division of age, education, economic status, and geographic region. [143] Project opponents panned the study on its release, calling it a "deeply flawed analysis". [54] In its response, TransCanada pointed out fourteen different routes for Keystone XL were being studied, eight that impacted Nebraska. [6], The proposed Keystone XL pipeline would start from the same area in Alberta, Canada, as the Phase 1 pipeline. ), It would also have led to greater greenhouse gas emissionswhich, the latest scientific reports makes clear, we simply cant afford if were to avoid the most catastrophic climate impacts. [105] The Canadian section involves approximately 864 kilometres (537mi) of pipeline converted from the Canadian Mainline natural gas pipeline and 373 kilometres (232mi) of new pipeline, pump stations and terminal facilities at Hardisty, Alberta. After more than 10 years of tenacious protests, drawn-out legal battles, and flip-flopping executive orders spanning three presidential administrations, the Keystone XL pipeline is now gone for good. The expected lack of volume combined with extensive construction cost overruns has prompted several petroleum refining companies to sue TransCanada. A September 2013 poll by the Pew Center found 65% favored the project and 30% opposed. [245] On June 23, 2010, 50Democrats in Congress in their letter to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton warned that "building this pipeline has the potential to undermine America's clean energy future and international leadership on climate change", referencing the higher input quantity of fossil fuels necessary to take the tar and turn it into a usable fuel product in comparison to other conventionally derived fossil fuels. In addition, the bitumen that will be flowing through this pipeline has a unique composition, and traditional cleaning methods do not work for it. "[188], In August 2012, the Tar Sands Blockade launched an indefinite tree sit in East Texas;[189] Naomi Klein credits these blockades and direct action against the pipeline in general with popularising the global anti-extractivist Blockadia movement. In contrast, the President of the Rosebud Sioux Nation, Cyril Scott, has stated that the November 14, 2014, vote in favor of the Keystone XL pipeline in the U.S. House of Representatives is an "act of war", declaring: We are outraged at the lack of intergovernmental cooperation. [221], University of Nebraska professor John Stansbury conducted an independent analysis which provides more detail on the potential risks for the Ogallala Aquifer. When you sign up you'll become a member of NRDC's Activist Network. OPINION: In the last few weeks, much of the rhetoric about energy has focused on President Biden's cancellation of the Keystone XL pipeline and his de facto suspension of new oil and gas leases. "[118] He went on to state that "approving this project would have undercut [the United States'] global leadership" on climate change. [99], On June 9, 2021, the Keystone XL project was abandoned by its developer. Extremist Mass Killings in 2022 Linked to Far Right . Some three million miles of oil and gas pipelines already run through our country, but KXL wasnt your average pipeline, and tar sands oil isnt your average crude. One of the central arguments made by pipeline pushers was that tar sands expansion will move forward with or without Keystone XL. [15] Phase III has capacity to deliver up to 700,000 barrels (110,000m3) per day to the Texas refineries. However, people, environmental activities, and organizations working on climate change strongly oppose this project. [246][247] One such protest, a historic act of civil disobedience outside the White House in August 2011, resulted in the arrest of more than 1,200 demonstrators. [74] This proved to be a major setback for TransCanada since they would have "years of new review and legal challenges". [62] The Senate was unable to override the veto by a two-thirds majority, with a 6237 vote. The 1,200-mile pipeline would have traveled southeast through nine South Dakota counties. The Cushing MarketLink pipeline phase started at Cushing, Oklahoma, where American-produced oil is added to the pipeline, then runs south 435 miles (700km) to a delivery point near terminals in Nederland, Texas, to serve refineries in the Port Arthur, Texas, area. The people and the planet can claim more than a few victoriesand 2019 is looking better already. Cushing is a major crude oil marketing/refining and pipeline hub. TransCanada asked Nebraska to reconsider this decision[75] and worked with Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) to determine the structural cause of a leak in South Dakota on November 21, 2017. [201] Critics say that a major leak could ruin drinking water and devastate the mid-western U.S. [214][215] Overall, the EPA rated the SEIS with their category "EO-2" (EO for "environmental objections" and 2 for "insufficient information"). [4] The oil pipeline is owned by TC Energy and the Government of Alberta. In a public announcement[199] from the Rosebud Sioux Tribe they state, The Rosebud Sioux Tribe, along with other tribal nations, recently filed a lawsuit against the Trump Administration for numerous violations of the law in the Keystone XL pipeline permitting process. While an 11-volume State Department report on the Keystone XL pipeline found in 2014 that it would not significantly contribute to carbon pollution, critics say the project threatens Alberta's. Permit for Keystone XL Pipeline", "Expert Warns That TransCanada's Keystone XL Pipeline Assessments Are Misleading", "Keystone XL Pipeline Safety Standards Not as Rigorous as They Seem", "Gov. [81][82], In June 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit granted the Justice Department's motion to lift the injunction blocking construction and found that the new permit mooted the prior Montana lawsuit. [23][24] At the time of the project's cancellation, approximately 8% of the pipeline had been constructed. [174], Pipeline opponents warn of disruption of farms and ranches during construction,[176] and point to damage to water mains and sewage lines sustained during construction of an Enbridge crude oil pipeline in Michigan. [96] This prompted Solicitor General Noel J. Francisco to file an application for stay to the Supreme Court. By that point, Keystone XL faced an unfriendly administration, numerous legal challenges, declining oil prices, worsening climate impacts, and a growing movement of climate organizersalong the pipelines route and around the worldunwilling to look the other way. [68], On November 16, 2011, Enbridge announced it was buying ConocoPhillips's 50% interest in the Seaway pipeline that flowed from the Gulf of Mexico to the Cushing hub. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initially stated that, on a wells-to-wheels basis, tar sands oil emits 17 percent more carbon than other types of crude, but several years later, the State Department revised this number upward, stating that the emissions could be 5 percent to 20 percent higher than previously indicated. That means burdening the planet with an extra 178.3 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions annually, the same impact as 38.5 million passenger vehicles or 45.8 coal-fired power plants. Republicans delayed delivering the bill over the Presidents Day holiday weekend to ensure Congress would be in session if the president were to veto the bill. [169], In 2013, United States Democrats were concerned that Keystone XL would not provide petroleum products for domestic use, but simply facilitate getting Alberta oil sands products to American coastal ports on the Gulf of Mexico for export to China and other countries. [9], The price of crude oil rose 5% following the shutdown of the Keystone Pipeline, before receding. In addition, TransCanada has submitted a secret document to the Canadian government that states that the KXL pipeline will cause a hike in gas prices in the Midwest. If anything happens on the Keystone XL Pipeline, rapid response is key. In 2015, the U.S. State Department, under President Barack Obama, declined to grant the northern leg of the Keystone XL project the permit required to construct, maintain, and operate the pipeline across the U.S.Canada bordera permit that President Trump later granted and President Biden once again revoked. TC Energy Corp., the Canadian company that owns the Keystone XL pipeline with the Alberta government, has said more than 1,000 people are out of work because of Biden's executive order. Reporters still fumbling numbers in wake of pipeline's rejection", "Keystone pipeline: How many jobs really at stake? [6] TC Energy declared a force majeure upon news of the leak.[10]. NRDC advocates were part of a broad coalition that helped stop Keystone XLfor good. The Keystone pipeline is seen as a way to replace imports of heavy oil-sand crude from Venezuela with more reliable Canadian heavy oil. [111], On January 18, 2018, TransCanada announced they had secured commitments to ship 500,000 barrels (79,000m3) per day for 20 years. [8], The leak raised concerns from environmentalists due to the transfer of tar sands through the pipeline, which are more toxic than crude oil and can sink in water. Pipeline spills are not just an environmental concern. It is also predicted that this project will create only a few full-time jobs for steel workers during its construction period. The truth behind this keystone pipeline facts and myths about supporting organized labor is that labor and workers have opposed this project from the start. In addition, When the State Department released the original proposal ERM had submitted to secure the SEIS contract, portions of the work histories of key personnel were redacted. Keystone XL was a terrible idea from the start, Swift said. [63] "[176], A USA Today editorial pointed out that the 2013 Lac-Mgantic derailment in Quebec, in which crude oil carried by rail cars exploded and killed 47 people,[178] highlights the safety of pipelines compared to truck or rail transport. The State Department's 2012 Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (Final SEIS) estimated that producing and transporting oil to the pipeline's capacity would increase greenhouse-gas emissions compared to alternative sources of oil, if the denial of the pipeline project meant that the oil would stay in the ground. [231] For much of late 2017, the Keystone pipeline operated at reduced pressure during remediation efforts. The estimate of 2,000 during construction came under heavy attack, while the long-term, permanent job estimates did not receive as much criticism. State Disclosures. But environmental. [260] Girling maintained that the EPA's conclusions "are not supported by the facts outlined in the Final SEIS or actual observations of the marketplace". [194][195] The event featured Lennox Yearwood; Chief Jacqueline Thomas, immediate past chief of the Saik'uz First Nation; Van Jones; Crystal Lameman, of Beaver Lake Cree Nation; Michael Brune, Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI), and others as invited speakers. In Canada, the first phase of Keystone involved the conversion of approximately 864 kilometres (537mi) of existing 36-inch (910mm) natural gas pipeline in Saskatchewan and Manitoba to crude oil pipeline service. The leak lasted for several minutes, with no initial reports of damage to water sources or wildlife. of State concerning Keystone XL pipeline, "Keystone XL Pipeline: About the project", "Senate Fails to Override Obama's Keystone Pipeline Veto", "GOP Threatens to Subpoena State Department", "TransCanada Requests Suspension of U.S. Fact: This Keystone XL project will bring oil from Canadas oil sands to Gulf Coast in Texas. Refining the sticky black gunk produces piles of petroleum coke, a hazardous, coal-like by-product. There have been nearly 12 to 15 spills accidents in the Midwest pipeline, which has led to the wastage of thousands of gallons of oil in these spills. [28], Additional phases (III, completed in 2014, and IV, rejected in 2015) have been in construction or discussion since 2011. The only group identified by the Pew poll with less than majority support for the pipeline was among those Democrats who identified themselves as liberal (41% in favor versus 54% opposed).[261]. The surge occurred during a selloff of the price of oil, following the 20212022 global energy crisis. If completed, the Keystone XL would have added 510,000 barrels (81,000 m 3) per day increasing the total capacity up to 1.1 million barrels (170,000 m 3) per day. Less than two years before the project was finally pulled, the Keystone tar sands pipeline was temporarily shut down after a spill in North Dakota of reportedly more than 378,000 gallons in late October 2019. Leaks and spills from Keystone XL and other tar sands and conventional crude pipelines could put existing jobs at risk. It also states that the project will increase the heavy crude oil price in the Midwestern United States by diverting oil sands oil from the Midwest refineries to the Gulf Coast and export markets. [106] It runs through Nemaha, Brown and Doniphan counties in Kansas and Buchanan, Clinton, Caldwell, Montgomery, Lincoln and St. Charles counties in Missouri, before entering Madison County, Illinois. The recent downward trend in gas prices further undermines the idea that there's a link between the Keystone XL pipeline and gas prices. If enacted the Northern Route Approval Act would waive the requirement for permits for a foreign company and bypass the need for President Obama's approval, and the debate in the Democrat-controlled U.S. Senate, concerned about serious environmental risks, that could result in the rejection of the pipeline.[170]. [7] An evacuation order was not ordered. Natural Resources Defense Council 2023 Privacy Policy From the refineries, the oil would be sent chiefly overseasnot to gasoline pumps in the United States. [55][56] [230], On November 17, 2017, the pipeline leaked around 9,600 barrels (1,530m3)[231] onto farmland near Amherst, South Dakota. Even worse, building Keystone XL would have meant enduring those risks just to send the fuel to our overseas rivalsand the profits to Big Oil. Hid Contractor's Ties to Keystone XL Pipeline Company", "Oil, money and politics; EPA snags Keystone XL pipeline", letter to U.S. Dept. [112], On January 20, 2021, President Joe Biden revoked the permit for the pipeline on his first day in office. Obama had included a call to "be the generation that finally frees America from the tyranny of oil" in his 2008 United States presidential election. [28] The pipeline has a minimum ground cover of 4 feet (1.2m). However, experts suggested that this will increase Americas reliance on oil only and ultimately reduce efforts towards renewable and sustainable energy options. The market case had also deteriorated. While American Petroleum Institute has stated that this project will create jobs for over half a million American people, the truth is these are all false claims. Looking at the spills incidents that happened in the past few years, the answer is a resounding yes. Yes, Trump has green-lighted the controversial Keystone XL pipeline. [48] The pipeline restarted at a reduced operating pressure on April 10 after the U.S. regulator approved the companies corrective actions and plan. From here, it will be sent to different overseas markets. One was Nebraskas Ogallala Aquifer, which provides drinking water for millions as well as 30 percent of Americas irrigation water. Other than this, problems also exist on the ground where people are busy fighting against deforestation and water pollution caused by this project. When completed it will add 350,000 barrels (56,000m3) per day new capacity to the existing pipeline for cumulative total of 800,000 barrels (130,000m3) per day. Nation Dec 11, 2022 3:29 PM EST. The first, a southern leg, had already been completed and now runs between Cushing, Oklahoma, and Port Arthur, Texas. [111], On January 24, 2017, President Donald Trump took action intended to permit the pipeline's completion, whereupon TC Energy suspended their NAFTA Chapter 11 action. Some of those landowners gave testimony for a House Energy and Commerce Committee hearing in May 2011. This is why we fight | Dallas Goldtooth", "Eminent Domain Fight Has a Canadian Twist", "Daryl Hannah freed following arrest in pipeline protest", "Pipeline Review Is Faced With Question of Conflict", "Keystone XL: State Department cleared of conflict, not ineptness", "Keystone XL pipeline report slammed by activists and scientists", "EXCLUSIVE: State Dept. [207], In January 2012, President Obama rejected the application amid protests about the pipeline's impact on Nebraska's environmentally sensitive Sandhills region. [222] Stansbury concludes that safety assessments provided by TransCanada are misleading: "We can expect no fewer than 2 major spills per state during the 50-year projected lifetime of the pipeline. As the debates go on about this Keystone XL project being the biggest threat to the US, here are some common myths and facts you need to know about this project. Dec. 11, 2022, 8:21 PM PST. Last edited on 25 February 2023, at 19:48, Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada, Pipeline Hazardous Materials and Safety Administration, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, necessary to take the tar and turn it into a usable fuel product, United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma, List of articles about Canadian oil sands, List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 21st century, "Keystone Pipeline Starts Deliveries to U.S. Midwest", "Keystone's Cushing Extension Begins Deliveries to Oklahoma", "TransCanada Receives Final Key Gulf Coast Project Permit Construction Set to Begin this Summer", "Gulf Coast Project Begins Delivering Crude Oil to Nederland, Texas", "Obama rejects TransCanada's Keystone XL Pipeline", "Premier Kenney announces Keystone XL pipeline investment", "TC Energy to Build Keystone XL Pipeline", Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for the Keystone XL Project Applicant for Presidential Permit: TransCanada Keystone Pipeline, LP (SEIS), "The link between Keystone XL and Canadian oilsands production", "C10418 CER Letter and Order OPMO-005-2020 TransCanada Keystone Pipeline GP Ltd. Keystone XL Pipeline Project Partial Leave to Open at the Keystone Hardisty Complex", "US leg of controversial Canadian oil pipeline opens", "Short-Term Energy and Winter Fuels Outlook", "There's No Stopping the Oil Sands Train", "Canceled Keystone XL Pipeline project has final hearing in South Dakota", "Protecting Public Health and the Environment and Restoring Science To Tackle the Climate Crisis", "Authorizing TransCanada Keystone Pipeline, L.P., To Construct, Connect, Operate, and Maintain Pipeline Facilities at the International Boundary Between the United States and Canada", "Keystone XL Oil Project Abandoned by Developer", "Keystone XL pipeline nixed after Biden stands firm on permit", "TransCanada Proposes Second Oil Pipeline", "TransCanada, ConocoPhillips To Expand Keystone To Gulf Coast", "TransCanada Proposes Keystone Oil Pipeline Project", "TransCanada: Keystone Construction to Start Early Next Year", "Union calls on Ottawa to block Keystone", "ConocoPhillips Acquires 50% Stake in Keystone", "TransCanada's Keystone pipeline ready for flow, but is the market there? In short, tar sands oil represents no small threat to our environment, and our best stance against it, as the rallying cry goes, is to keep it in the ground.. Complicating matters, leaks can be difficult to detect. [79], In March 2019, Trump revoked the prior permit and himself directly issued a new permit for the pipeline. Suncor Energy hoped to recoup significant construction-related tolls, though the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission did not rule in their favor. This included the shortening of the pipeline to 875 miles (1,408km); its avoidance of "crossing the NDEQ-identified Sandhills Region" and "reduction of the length of pipeline crossing the Northern High Plains Aquifer system, which includes the Ogallala formation". [146], Commentator Bill Mann has linked the Keystone postponement to the Michigan Senate's rejection of Canadian funding for the proposed Gordie Howe International Bridge and to other recent instances of "U.S. government actions (and inactions) that show little concern about Canadian concerns". [43], In 2012, the US State Department estimated that the pipeline would create about 5,000 to 6,000 temporary jobs in the US during the two-year construction period, would increase gasoline availability to the Northeast and expand the Gulf refining industry. When President Obama rejected and canceled the permits for Keystone XL, many labor/workers associations and organizations came forward in support of this decision. Simultaneous 'solidarity' protests were also organized in several other cities across the United States, Europe, and Canada. That's why our Emergency Response plans are approved by state and federal agencies, and why we practice them regularly. However, experts suggested that this will increase Americas reliance on oil only and ultimately reduce efforts towards renewable and sustainable energy options. Although the spill did not happen on Sioux property, it was in close enough proximity to potentially contaminate the aquifer used for water. Pipeline leak near Washington County, Kansas, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, "Investigators, cleanup crews begin scouring oil pipeline spill in Kansas", "Keystone pipeline leaks 14,000 barrels of oil into creek in biggest spill yet", "Kansas oil spill is Keystone pipeline's biggest ever, according to federal data", Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for the Keystone XL Project Applicant for Presidential Permit: TransCanada Keystone Pipeline, LP (SEIS), "Keystone Pipeline shuts down after oil leak, halting flow of 600,000 barrels a day", "Oil spill into a rural Kansas creek shuts down the Keystone pipeline", "An Oil Spill in Kansas Has Shut Down the Keystone Pipeline", "Oil Spill in Kansas Prompts Shutdown of Keystone Pipeline System", "Keystone Pipeline Is Shut Down After Oil Spills Into Creek in Kansas", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2022_Keystone_Pipeline_oil_spill&oldid=1138480588, December 2022 events in the United States, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 February 2023, at 22:48. The second segment was the hotly contested 1,209-mile northern lega shortcut of sortsthat would have run from Hardisty, Alberta, through Montana and South Dakota to Steele City, Nebraska. In June 2021, TC Energy announced that it was abandoning its plans for building the pipeline for goodputting an end to a fossil fuel project that had loomed over waterways, communities, and the climate for more than a decade. The Keystone Pipeline oil spill occurred on December 7, 2022, when a leak in the Keystone Pipeline released 14,000 barrels of oil into a creek in Washington County, Kansas.The leak is the largest in the United States since the 2013 North Dakota pipeline spill and the largest in the history of the Keystone Pipeline. In July 2013, Obama said "The most realistic estimates are this might create maybe 2,000 jobs during the construction of the pipeline, which might take a year or two, and then after that we're talking about somewhere between 50 and 100 jobs in an economy of 150 million working people." The TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline is considered one of the toughest projects for organized labor. When the Obama administration refused to grant the cross-border permit necessary to build TC Energys Keystone XL oil pipeline in November 2015, it struck a blow against polluting powers and acknowledged the consensus on this misguided project from a wide swath of communities, experts, and organizations. Fact: It appears that the government review process for Keystone XL has been completely fair. Instead, TransCanada has invested a lot in misleading the American public by using fake science and faked numbers to promote the viability of the KXL pipeline project. 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