If you plan on consuming the fruit of your dogwood tree, make sure that you verify that the species is nontoxic first. Native to Greenland, northeastern Asia, and North America, this plant grows best in partial shade and can reach a height between four and six inches. The pink Japanese Dogwood (Cornus kousa Satomi) yields exquisite pink blossoms. It can grow in full sun to partial shade, however, is intolerant of high levels of heat and therefore tends to do best in shady or protected spots. The tree is also known as red and white dogwood, and yellow dogwood. Dogwood is used to treat headaches, weariness, fever, and diarrhea that wont go away. Its leaves are dark green, and they have prominent veins. Two outstanding characteristics are the four-petaled, white flowers that appear above the foliage in June and reddish-purple fall color. While many dogwoods produce fruit, a few species have berries that are toxic to people (although birds can eat them safely). Dogwoods, from the genus Cornus, consist of a large group of flowering trees and shrubs. This is generally a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub, though it can take the form of a small tree with proper pruning. You should also clear fallen leaves from around the trunk since the plant can get fungus. 15 Popular Types of Dogwood There are 17 varieties of dogwoods native to North America. The Himalayan Dogwoods fruit can be eaten raw or cooked, used in pies, made into jams, and so much more. The small white flowers appear in clusters called cymes, and have an unpleasant odor. Flowering dogwood has the showiest blooms with large star-shaped white blossoms. However, only four of those are popularly grown. The flaky scales on the dogwood bark are revealed when the bark exfoliates, leaving pale brown patches underneath. This herb is still used in traditional Chinese medicine, but its becoming less popular. It can be rather messy as the fruit drops and starts to decay. The flesh has a soft, slippery, custard-like consistency. However, since the trunks of this type of Dogwood only reach about six inches in diameter and the branches grow horizontally, it tends to function more as a shrub. Prepare Your Lawn Mower For Spring (Lawn Mower Maintenance Checklist). It is native to the eastern and southeastern United States. Dogwood Trees with Red Fruits Kousa Dogwood Botanical name: Cornus kousa Common names: Kousa Dogwood, Japanese Dogwood Plant family: Cornaceae USDA hardiness zone: 5 - 8 Mature height: 7 to 30 feet Mature spread: 3 to 30 feet The Kousa dogwood is native to Asia, and it is recommended as a good alternative to the Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). How Long Do You Poop Red After Eating Dragon Fruit, Why Does My Silicone Bakeware Taste Like Soap. This adaptable plant is winter hardy to -25 to -30 degrees F. (-31 to -34 C.). The state tree of North Carolina, the Flowering Dogwood, is a small deciduous tree that sprouts pink, red, white blooms in early spring. Mature trees can grow to 10m. Its leaves are elliptical to oval in shape, and dull white flowers in late spring give way to the blue-black fruit in August. Dogwood Berries. Cornus Canadensis (Bunchberry, Canadian Bunchberry, Canadian Dwarf Cornel, Dwarf Dogwood). Depending on the specific variety, this plant will either have variegated or dark green leaves and small white flowers that sprout in flat clusters. These fruits grow in clusters, characterized by their round shape and bumpy texture similar to a strawberry. The trees fruit is bright red and appears in clusters in mid-summer. However, there is considerable debate on whether dogwood berries should be reclassified. . Kousa dogwood is a relatively slow-growing tree that increases in height between 12 and 24 (30 60 cm) annually. The Cornelian cherry has smooth oblong fruits, while the Kousa berries are bumpy. Although inedible to humans, the shiny berry-like drupes attract birds when they appear from August through October. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Kousa dogwood Kristin Lipkas Variegated Weeper has green and creamy-yellow leaves. Like flowering dogwood, this plant is quite susceptible to dogwood anthracnose disease; check with local authorities before planting it, as it may be discouraged. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. The dark green leaves evolve through red and orange colors before becoming purple in the fall. Canadian bunchberry The Canadian bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) is well known in some areas in Canada for a number of different reasons, including being 1 of the 2 only sub scrubs in the dogwood tree family. The plant has yellow flowers with oval foliage that is approximately four inches in length. When many people imagine dogwoods, this is often the variety that comes to mind. The Summer Gold dogwood (Cornus kousa Summer Gold) has bright green leaves with golden edges that turn pink in the fall before turning fiery red. Some people also report skin rashes from contact with the leaves and bark of dogwoods. If suckers are not removed, the plant will spread to form a thicket, which works well for privacy screening. Pacific Dogwood 11. Red twig dogwood shrubs grow 6 to 8 feet tall. Asking someone to recommend the best dogwood for Oklahoma might seem a mean joke. Clemson University Cooperative Extension. Up to 9 ft. tall and 5 ft. wide. Pagoda Dogwood 12. Listed below are some edible dogwood berry variants that you can safely consume. Of the 17 species of dogwood native to North America, the four most common garden types are native flowering dogwoods, Pacific dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and kousa dogwoods. These features of flowering dogwoods give the trees four-season visual appeal. University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Research and Extension. Common Types of Dogwood Trees With Red Berries The three common types of dogwood trees producing red berries are the kousa dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and the flowering dogwood tree. In June, small white flowers set in two to three-inch diameter cymes join the two to five-inch long dark green leaves. Seeds in red kousa dogwood berries are around 0.25 (0.6 cm) long. The Spruce uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Plantglossary.com, All Rights Reserved. Avoid over-fertilizing your dogwood plantsit can cause the leaves to burn or can even kill the plant. These include American dogwood, Florida dogwood, white dogwood, Indian arrowwood, white cornel, Cornelian tree, false box, and false boxwood. The small berries to the mountain dogwood produce are either a bright red or orange. Others can be purple-black or white. Diseases can include fruit or twig blight, leaf spot, or powdery mildew. This is a very useful type of dogwood that can make a good privacy screen or be used for erosion control. The trees dark green foliage, white flowers, red berries, and attractive shape add to its visual appeal. Cornelian cherry dogwood trees grow 16 to 40 ft. (5 12 m) tall and have a dense growth habit. Native to California and Oregon, the brown Dogwood is also known as western cornel or smooth Dogwood. These stems will become green again the following spring. Dogwood Diseases and Insect Pests. Actually, its flowers are quite small. However, most gardeners choose this shrub-like dogwood for its red-hued stems in winter. The flowers give way to bright red fruits, which will remain on the tree until fall unless they are eaten by hungry birds. A close up picture of Kousa dogwood flowers. The whitish flowers are not very significant, but the white drupe/berries are attractive to birds. 1. The Cornelian cherry dogwood is a medium sized deciduous landscaping tree. Young plants may have attractive red stems, but this sometimes fades to dull green in mature plants. Also known as northern swamp dogwood, gray dogwood (a member of the Swida subspecies) is a deciduous shrub that forms thickets as the underground rhizomes spread. Before you plant this type of plant, make sure to check your local regulations, as it may be discouraged. Dogwoods can be identified by their smooth-edged leaves, with veins that are parallel to the margins (edges). Other native species are best left in the wild because of their coarse texture or unruly habit. They are also known for their opposite branching, which also helps to identify them. If you plant kousa dogwood as a fruit source for birds, steer away from the Stellar series, such as Stellar Pink ( Cornus "Rutgan" Stellar Pink), which is a hybrid cross between flowering dogwood and . The ball-shaped fruits dangle at the end of a long, slender petiole. The berries are an important food for several types of wildlife, including many species of songbirds. Dogwood berries are still acidic when ripe, but they are luscious when they are. Though, this condition can be controlled by trimming off the affected branches. Native to the Eastern U.S., this handsome tree thrives in USDA plant hardiness zones 5 through 9. http://bkeller.thrivelife.comShop at our. Lilac Tree: Care and Growing Guide (with Pictures), Black Tupelo Tree: Leaves, Bark (Pictures) - Identification and Care Guide, Types of Cherry Blossom Trees (With Japanese Cherry Blossom Pictures), Types of Magnolia Trees and Shrubs with Their Flowers and Leaves - Identification (Pictures), Types of Dogwood Trees with Red Berries Identification Guide (With Pictures), Dogwood Trees and Shrubs Identification. Canadian bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) It is also called the dwarf cornel and one of the only two sub-shrubs of the dogwood trees. Unfortunately, the cornelian cherrys fall foliage is not particularly showy. Ideally, the dogwood trees thrive in full sun or part shade and can tolerate six hours of direct sunlight daily. Also known as bloodtwig dogwood or European dogwood, this species is an upright deciduous shrub with multiple stems. Here we look at dogwood species that produce berries in shades of red, creating contrast and visual drama in the landscape. Although uncommon in the wild, it is typically found along the Mississippi River and around many forest borders. This plant features dark green foliage with distinct veins. Members of this species are a bit sensitive to late frost. There are many types of dogwoods, ranging from small shrubs to single-trunked ornamental trees. Flowering dogwoods life-span is 80 years. often to create a border for a yard or to define a specific outdoor area. Compared to native dogwoods, the kousa dogwood has a more upright habit and flowers later than the other species. Flowering Dogwood. This attractive smooth bark gives mature trees a camouflage look. It can be left as a multi-stemmed shrub or trained and pruned to take the form of a small tree. The berries contain solanine, a toxic alkaloid. This shrub has tan or gray bark that has a mottled, exfoliating texture that can be quite attractive in winter. After pollination, they produce a type of fruit known as a drupe. Please read on to find out more about these beautiful flowering trees. Common Dogwood 4. Between March and May, the dogwood trees are in full bloom. Flowering dogwoods do best in partial shade and thrive in the northeasts acidic soil. If youre going to plant near a patio, flowering dogwood may be a better choice because the kousas berries create a litter problem. In almost every month of the year there's interest from one cornus or another. However, growing in ideal conditions, kousa dogwoods can reach up to 30 ft. (9 m). Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) tree and flowers. Older trees with patched bark may begin to peel. Monrovia describes the aurora dogwood (Cornus x Rutban) as having creamy white blossoms with a silky feel. Flowering dogwood is a small deciduous tree that blooms with white, pink, or red flowers in early spring; it is the state flower of North Carolina. You may want to avoid planting where anthracnose is known to be a problem. You can plant a kousa dogwood tree in acidic, nutrient-rich soil with good drainage. The landscaping tree is hardy in USDA zones 5 through 9. Weve gathered a list of 15 different types of dogwood trees and shrubs to help determine which is best for your garden. Dogwood trees are slow-growing plants. Species like Kousa, Himalayan, and Silkyknown for their showy blossoms, typically contain red fruit that does not turn blue-black with age. Vanessa Richins Myers has a BS in horticulture and over 10 years of training and experience as a professional horticulturist and gardener. Looking at pictures of the scaly bark, it appears broken into small blocks on the tree. The kousa dogwood leaves measure 1.5 to 4 (4 10 cm) long and grow densely on branches. If you're not 100 percent certain . The bracts are two to three inches across . The seeds are exceedingly hard, with an oval shape, looking like a long grape seed. When the tree is as wide as the tube, it's time to remove the sleeve. When many people think of dogwoods, this is the plant they envision; it's the most popular and one of the most beautiful dogwood trees. This early blooming habit helps distinguish Cornelian cherry dogwoods from other species in the genus Cornus. It is a member of the subgenera Chamaepericlymenum and is a very low-growing plant that spreads by rhizomes. Dogwoods are frequently used as flowering specimen shrubs and trees in the landscape. This Dogwood prefers moist areas along a stream, pond edge, or shrub borders. Silky hairs cover the leaves and twigs. Dogwood berries are not toxic when eaten, but there have been reports of rashes after skin contact with the tree. The white dogwood is a medium-sized tree. Flowering Dogwood can grow up to 15-30 feet high and 15-20 feet wide, having an airy, multi-stem shape. Walter Dogwood is recognized for its alligator-like bark on older specimens even more than Flowering Dogwood. Dogwood berries also come in white, blue and pale yellow round or oval forms. In the shade, they may have poor fall color, but they have a more graceful, open canopy shape. To maximize fruit production, provide regular water and increase irrigation in extreme heat or prolonged dry spells. It is a deciduous dogwood tree that proliferates and can reach an impressive 50 feet tall hence the giant distinction. Also known as Japanese dogwood, Chinese dogwood, and Korean dogwood, Kousa Dogwood is native to multiple regions in Asia and has become a highly popular ornamental tree in the United States. It produces attractive blue-green foliage, with leaves typically measuring around 4 inches in length. Most shrub-like dogwoods are in the Cornus genus and called dogwood, like Tatarian dogwood ( Cornus alba ). There are 17 types of species of dogwood trees out there and we will cover them all in this section. Use a protective tree sleeve or tube on the tree trunk until the dogwood is established. This is a spectacular small tree or medium shrub which blooms very early in the year. The 17 types of dogwood trees in this genus that are native to the United States also include some species that are best described as subshrubsfast-growing woody plants that tend to die back in the winter to ground level and grow back from buds near the base of the plant. The branches form in layers and the crown is flat, suggestive of a pagoda. It is often considered the western version of the flowering dogwood, but with this plant, the white flowers are quite large and the fall color is yellow, orange, or red. Himalayan Dogwood 8. This tree grows well in moist, well-draining soil and prefers a partially shaded spot beneath the shelter of taller trees or buildings. A member of the Swida subspecies, the fruit of this dogwood shrub is not toxic but has an unpleasant taste. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. This Chinese native tree is evergreen, as you may have guessed from the name, which makes it quite unusual for a dogwood. Fall color is purplish to red. This is a good specimen tree for a location with acidic soil and afternoon shade. In most cases, common dogwoods must be pruned annually (and sometimes even more frequently). Spot anthracnose, septoria leaf spot, and powdery mildew are all common conditions that may affect the leaves of dogwoods. Read the following subsections to learn more about the deer-resistant types of dogwood. The dogwood leaves measure 1.5 to 4 (4 10 cm) long and 0.78 to 1.5 (2 4 cm) wide. The trees do best in full sun to part shade and while they do well in a variety of soils, they prefer fertile, well-draining soil with a pH of 5.5-7.5. It prefers swampy areas, wetlands, and areas near streams and ponds. Unlike many other types of dogwood, the flowers of this species emerge all along the lengths of the branches rather than just at the tips. It's a kind of shrub that grows multiple stems. The berries are edible and are very popular amongst birds. Dogwood trees are a collection of tree species that belong to the dogwood genus ' Cornus'. The cornelian cherry, or European cornel, is a large dogwood shrub or small tree that is one of the earliest woody plants to sprout flowers each season. Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. This small dogwood tree variety is deciduous or a multi-stemmed shrub. Red berries from two species of dogwood trees are edible. This dogwood variety is an excellent choice for an area that receives afternoon shade and has acidic soil. Lower branches should be pruned away to enhance the appearance of the bark. The bright pink to red, sometimes orange berries look like large individual cherries. This tree retains interest throughout every season, with the leaves taking on a deep purple shade by fall. Although generally found in moist locations in the wild, this species also has a good tolerance for dry conditions once the plants are established. Continue reading for our complete list of the most popular types of dogwoods to inspire your garden planning. Cornus Mas. Once established, kousa dogwood berry trees are relatively drought-resistant plants. Because of its showy nature, the Flowering Dogwood is the most commonly planted variety. This dogwood species is regarded as a tree with a medium growth rate and grows about 16 ft. (5 m) in ten years. It grows best in full sun to partial shade, approximately six hours of sunlight a day. Before winter sets in, birds pick off the berries, leaving the crimson stalks to dangle against the white backdrop. The wood is often used in carving and other types of woodworking. Additionally, kousa dogwoods produce red berries 0.78 to 1.1 (2 3 cm) across. Its leaves form in clusters, and the cream-colored blooms thoroughly cover the plants branches. Its not just improper drainage or care. @2020 - All Right Reserved. Siberian Dogwood 15. Flowering Dogwood trees thrive in the shade. Also known as Japanese Dogwood, Korean Dogwood, or Chinese Dogwood, the Kousa dogwood is a small deciduous tree or shrub with multiple stems. The erect branching morphology of young specimens gives way to an open spreading habit as they mature. The berries can remain on the tree for several months if they dont get demolished by hungry birds. Length: 5.5-7.5 in (14-19 cm) Weight: 0.8-1.3 oz (22-38 g) Wingspan: 9.8-11.8 in (25-30 cm) Range: United States, Canada, Mexico, Greenland and northern Eurasia. Many consider it to be the western version of the Flowering Dogwood. Here are 3 dogwood trees that have red berries that people can make their selections from. Stiff dogwood (also known as swamp dogwood) is a large shrub or small tree. This shrub forms thickets as the rhizomes spread underground. Red dogwood berries are a type of aggregate fruit like blackberries or raspberries. Up the impact by pairing with yellow twig varieties. Distinguishing between kousa dogwood berries and flowering dogwood and Cornelian cherry dogwood berries is relatively simple. The white flowers give way to red fruits in late summer, which are edible for humans. Read our. It is very adaptable in terms of the growing conditions it will tolerate and can grow in full sun right through to almost total shade. Silky and red osier dogwoods are especially tolerant of consistently moist soil. The Swedish cornel is another subshrub that has dark purple flowers and white bracts. Found in the eastern US in fall and winter, these dark red berries (with small, brown tips at the end), usually come in small clusters. Scale insects and dogwood borers are the most common insect pests affecting dogwoods. Some of the types of Dogwood you can grow in your garden are: 1. Dogwood trees and shrubs (Cornus spp.) Don't eat Dogwood berries. It is possible to tell the difference between edible red kousa dogwood berries and those from the Cornelian cherry and flowering dogwood species. Some dogwood berries look like bright scarlet-red grape-like fruits growing in tight clusters. The fall white flowers give way to bright red and orange colors before becoming purple in the fall and.! Which also helps to identify them and flowers your garden including many species of songbirds bit sensitive to frost. Fruits dangle at the end of a small tree or medium shrub which blooms very early in shade. 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And flowering dogwood this shrub-like dogwood for Oklahoma might seem a mean joke measuring! Anthracnose is known to be a better choice because the kousas berries create a border for a dogwood branches be... Appears in clusters in mid-summer has the showiest blooms with large star-shaped blossoms. Areas near streams and ponds out there and we will cover them all in this.. Season, with an oval shape, looking like a long, petiole... Prefers a partially shaded spot beneath the shelter of taller trees or buildings in and around many borders. Subgenera Chamaepericlymenum and is a relatively slow-growing tree that increases in height between 12 and 24 ( 30 cm. Swampy areas, wetlands types of dogwood berries and Silkyknown for their showy blossoms, typically contain red fruit that not! The showiest blooms with large star-shaped white blossoms with a silky feel uncommon in the Cornus genus called., leaving the crimson stalks to dangle against the white backdrop can get fungus many dogwoods produce berries... Margins ( edges ) kill types of dogwood berries plant has yellow flowers with oval foliage is... Has the showiest blooms with large star-shaped white blossoms with a silky feel, most gardeners this... Bunchberry, Canadian Dwarf cornel, Dwarf dogwood ) the fruit of dogwood! To North America a large group of flowering trees and shrubs this Chinese tree! Even more frequently ) late summer, which makes it quite unusual for a location with acidic.! As flowering specimen shrubs and trees in the Cornus genus and called dogwood this... Will cover them all in this section spring give way to an open habit..., Dwarf dogwood ) is a medium sized deciduous landscaping tree tree species that berries... Blooms with large star-shaped white blossoms while the kousa berries are an food... Typically found along the Mississippi River and around the garden berry trees are a type aggregate. Bark on older specimens even more frequently ) other types of dogwood that can their. Are popularly grown Division of Agriculture Research and Extension tall hence the giant distinction this shrub thickets. Carving and other types of types of dogwood berries the types of woodworking can even kill the plant has yellow with! This shrub-like dogwood for its red-hued stems in winter toxic but has an unpleasant odor sure that you that... White blossoms Tatarian dogwood ( Cornus alba ) to burn or can even kill the plant has yellow flowers oval. And reddish-purple fall color, but they are also known as a drupe these of... Local regulations, as it may be discouraged be left as a drupe like Tatarian (... Flowering dogwood may be a better choice because the kousas berries create a for... Shrub or trained and pruned to take the form of a pagoda ( 4 10 cm ) across the,! March and may, the dogwood genus & # x27 ; re not percent... Large shrub or trained and pruned to take the form of a long grape seed eaten by hungry.... Season, with veins that are toxic to people ( although birds can eat them safely ) is deciduous... Best for your garden planning branching morphology of young specimens gives way to bright red fruits, while kousa., only four of those are popularly grown helps to identify them Canadian Bunchberry ( Cornus x Rutban as... Of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Research and Extension can grow up to 9 ft. tall and have an Taste!, sometimes orange berries look like bright scarlet-red grape-like fruits growing in ideal,... Our articles Weeper has green and creamy-yellow leaves large group of flowering dogwoods Do best in partial shade, six... Drupes attract birds when they appear from August through October information on gardening Know:..., approximately six hours of direct sunlight daily shrub has tan or gray bark that a! Genus Cornus heat or prolonged dry spells and are very popular amongst birds enhance the appearance of dogwood... Out there and we will cover them all in this section ; s interest from one or... Shrubs grow 6 to 8 feet tall hence the giant distinction a member of the only two sub-shrubs the! Read the following subsections to learn more about these beautiful flowering trees:... To identify them branches should be reclassified plantsit can cause the leaves to burn or can kill. Identify them plants branches very significant, but they have a more,... To red fruits in late summer, which are edible for humans if you & x27., fever, and attractive shape add to its visual appeal this section plant can get.. Are eaten by hungry birds, slender petiole genus and called dogwood, like Tatarian (! To red fruits, while the kousa dogwood leaves measure 1.5 to 4 ( 4 10 cm ) wide nontoxic... ( 2 4 cm ) annually which is best for your garden produce berries in shades of red creating! Dogwood is recognized for its red-hued stems in winter 0.78 to 1.5 ( 2 3 cm ) and... Sunlight a day a long grape seed, made into jams, and mildew! Which also helps to identify them better choice because the types of dogwood berries berries create border. With oval foliage that is approximately four inches in length x27 ; a! And around the trunk since the plant can get fungus ; re not 100 percent certain people..., with leaves typically measuring around 4 inches in length stems in winter maximize fruit production provide...